Over the years we have had a couple of instances where artworks or valuable objects were mistakenly left in crates or packages and almost, or actually, discarded. I hasten to say these were not containers that we had packed, but items received by us packed by other customers or shippers. In one case a work on paper was sandwiched by the sender between cardboard sheets with no labeling on that package whatsoever. Inside and resting against the back of the crate it was readily mistaken for…well, a piece of cardboard. And recently when preparing to discard boxes returned from a jobsite we found a number of expensive glassware items and a silver tray which the customer’s staff overlooked when unpacking. Oops.

Whether hiring a professional company or doing it yourself, all containers with multiple contents should be accompanied by a packing list or pack list. Sometimes this is pouched on the outside of the container, but for maximum safety we like to put a copy inside the package. With crates we often glue them inside the top. With a pack list, the person unpacking knows exactly what to look for within the box. They can check off pieces as they unpack and make sure that all items are accounted for before discarding the package.

In addition, all packages within a box or crate should carry a clear label to distinguish between packed items and incidental packing materials. We often write “art inside!!” on portfolios as well as label them with the artist and title of the contents. A few seconds with a red marker can literally save a small or thinly wrapped artwork from accidental destruction or loss. Your packages should not be mysterious.

And then there are the “non art” components which often accompany shipments. Artists are notorious for this. They will send us a lovely crate with carefully packed and labeled art within, but fail to alert us to look for that little bag of screws, or that wood cleat they tucked up in the northwest corner which they hope we didn’t think was part of the crate, or the little packet of folded mending material that is hugely important to the installation… Once again common sense dictates that anything which needs to be found needs to be findable. And all items including incidentals need to appear on pack lists. Otherwise we may not recognize what is integral and what is not. The folded material in one artist’s crate might be something leftover that they used to fill negative space, or it might be critical to the artwork. We should not have to guess.

At our warehouses, we have a standard rule that all boxes are broken down fully and all accompanying “trash” paper, bubble wrap, or plastic etc. is searched again to make sure no objects are commingled in the packing. With crates, interior foam and loose spacing or lining materials are fully removed so that the crate is inspected right down to the wood before it is marked as empty. Every art handler has a story of the “empty” crate that wasn’t. Packing lists may not entirely solve this problem, but they help. After all the most basic goal of shipping is to have the receiver, not the dumpster, receive what the shipper shipped.

 Betsy Dorfman

When we advertise for art handlers there are inevitably calls and emails in response saying essentially: “I’m not exactly sure what an art handler is or does, but I know I would be super good at it!” Well, you might — most art handlers are trained on the job and people from all sorts of backgrounds have succeeded in the role. But it isn’t an easy job and it takes the right blend of skills and personality to make the cut.

In the next few posts we’ll take a look at art handlers and art handling; the more the public understands what we do and why and how, the better. And perhaps there are some future art handling superstars out there in cyberville waiting to be discovered!

So, for starters, what is an art handler?

An art handler typically works for an art services, transportation, or storage company and performs some or all of the following tasks:

• Drives a truck, either locally or long distance between cities
• Picks up and delivers a variety of artworks including paintings, sculptures, and mixed media works of all descriptions
• Inspects artworks to determine how, where, when, or if to touch them and how to pack for transport
• Understands how to properly wrap, load, span, tie in artworks within a truck to keep then safe and stable during transport
• Selects proper archival and other packing materials depending upon the medium, surfaces, condition and fragility of the works in question
• Packs and crates artworks of all descriptions
• Interacts positively with a typically educated, professional, and often opinionated customer base in the field
• Installs artworks professionally in settings ranging from corporate to residential, including selection of proper hardware and exercise of aesthetic judgment as needed
• Prepares condition reports and photographs artworks as needed
• Completes critical paperwork such as inventories and bills of lading with accuracy and attention to detail
• Has the “people” skills and situational awareness to work with a partner or larger crew in a seamless way, taking leadership and direction as needed to complete the task at hand
• Is familiar with basic art terminology and art history

Not all art handlers necessarily need to drive trucks, crate, or install artworks; in larger companies there are departments and an art handler may never be required to drive a large truck, make a crate or softpack paintings. But the wider the applicant’s skill set the more valuable he or she is potentially to any employer.

It should be noted that art handling in a for profit competitive business like art transportation is quite different from the job of a preparator or art handler in a museum or gallery setting. There is a tremendous emphasis on dealing with the public and many services of necessity are are performed with third parties looking on. Ever put a $5 million dollar painting into a crate with a room full of museum staffers looking on? Or install a painting on a 20 foot white wall in a living room overlooking the ocean with the owners of the artwork, gallery representative, art consultant, and artist all offering input and suggestions?

It takes a certain personality and sense of forward motion to get the job done both safely for the artworks and expeditiously enough to keep the company in business. Time counts, and the extra caution slow motion rules which are standard operating procedure in some institutional committee cultures simply don’t apply. Many otherwise talented art handlers can’t make the shift to the “for profit” culture or are fine working alone in a shop but not comfortable out in the field with onlookers checking their watches, asking questions, and sometimes second guessing methods and materials. Whatever their other qualifications, art handlers who are loners, can’t do paperwork, or who fail to develop a good “art side” manner with customers don’t last long.

Betsy Dorfman

I get some variation of this phone call all too frequently:

ARTIST:   Hi, I have a crate I need to ship to London. I built it myself.

ME:           Okay, we can help with that. I will need the dimensions and weight.

ARTIST:   I got everything in one crate, if you can believe that. Eight by seven by about, oh the height has gotta be, I’m five eight so let’s say, six.

ME:          (Hopefully, but knowing better) Feet or inches?

ARTIST:  (Proudly) Feet. It’s in my garage. You’ll need a lift gate. Wait, you thought I was five inches tall?

ME:          What is the size of the largest work in the crate. These are paintings?

ARTIST:  There’s a couple of big ones, maybe four, then a whole bunch of medium and little ones that I stacked double high and double wide. Kind of up on a shelf thing on the inside. Sectioned. That way it could all go in one crate.  (Pause) Hello?

ME:      Sorry I’m just…is there any way you can cut this thing in half?

FADE OUT

Okay, some actual useful information:

HEIGHT

Many airlines have height cutoffs of 60-63″, depending upon the actual equipment flown. Above that height you will need to book on a freighter, which gives you fewer flights to choose from and is often more expensive. You typically need an advance booking on a freighter, and such freight can wait in line sometimes for days until space is available.  Sometimes you can’t avoid this, with a large installation piece or bronze, but where it can be avoided it should be.  

WEIGHT/HANDLING

Oversize crates cost more at every stage of shipping and handling, and if very heavy can be dangerous to move as well. They are more likely to be fork lifted rather than hand carried or dollied.

FREIGHT COST

With inventories of mixed sizes it is nearly always cost effective to fabricate multiple crates with contents grouped by size.  It is the overall volume that determines freight cost, and splitting into multiple crates often saves on final volume. 

ACCESS: THE END GAME

Also consider that the average doorway is only 30 or so inches wide. If your shipment is going to a corporate location, office building, or a downtown gallery your giganto crate may not fit through the doorway. Not every business has a dock or wide receiving doors. So now you’ve got some preparator unpacking the crate at the curb — not going to be your biggest fan once that is done.  And then what do they do with the crate? Have you seen the average gallery store room? 

DAMAGE ISSUES 

Most damage in shipping actually happens during packing and unpacking. Creating an oddly sectioned crate, which also has a high center of gravity, may not be simple to unpack. The recipient could open the wrong side or not perceive where all the works are located. We have seen examples where small works were sectioned off behind larger works, but where the separating foam or cardboard was mistaken for the wall of the crate.  Out goes the crate into the trash still holding the small works – ouch.   Always include a pack sheet detailing the crate contents, and unpacking instructions as well. Unfortunately many artist packed crates don’t have such instructions included.

 RETURN SHIPPING

If the destination can’t or won’t store your oversize crate, you may be asked to pay for storage at an offsite location or charged for a new crate to return unsold items. If you are lucky and they do store it, and, even luckier, they sell half of your artworks at the show, now you are going to have to ship that huge crate back half empty. Had you built 2 or 3 crates, chances are the returning volume could have been downsized into 1 of 2 of those.

Like most art handlers we are happy to give guidance to artists or others building crates. Call us BEFORE you build and we may be able to save you some money, or grief, or both.

Betsy Dorfman

TIPS for obtaining an accurate quote for crating artworks:

We have mentioned previously the wisdom of providing the third dimension (the depth) for each two-dimensional artwork to be handled. But equally important is the issue of accurate dimensions. Having correct sizes is critical to crate pricing, and even moreso if crates are to be prebuilt in advance of actually receiving the artworks.

Very often we are provided with dimensions that are ten inches or more off the mark. You artists know who you are… Whether too high or too low, an estimate based on bad information is of little use to either the customer or the vendor. If the “wrong” dimensions are supplied for multiple works, as in a traveling exhibition, then the mistake just compounds and we all might as well just go out for a beer. After work, of course.

Some estimate requestors likely honestly believe that “close” is good enough or that a matter of inches one way or another won’t have a serious impact on pricing. But the truth is that when we design a crate we round up to the nearest 1/8″ inch in most cases. Or for an estimate, perhaps up to the nearest inch. But leeway of several inches? Never. The whole idea of a shipping crate for an artwork is to be custom built to the size of the work. And, believe it or not, too large is just as bad as too small.

When providing dimensions to an art handler the best approach is to supply each dimension labeled as to its correct orientation. For example: L 50 x W 3 x H 80. So if the artwork in question is a photograph that must travel right-side-up, the crating department will know how it must be crated, and any potential shipping issues due to height will be anticipated before it is time to ship the artwork. Send a photo of the work as well where possible, and of course indicate any condition issues that might require a custom or enhanced crating solution.

Guessing at the order of dimensions can be tricky. Many art shippers use art-world configuration of Height x Length x Width. But here at FAS we use the standard shipping configuration of Length x Width x Height in most of our notations, and we always indicate orientation with the letter designations to avoid confusion.

So give accurate dimensions, indicate the correct orientation, and provide as much information as possible about the artworks to be shipped. You will obtain an accurate estimate, and faster, too, as we won’t have to track you down to get more information.

Finally, if you are guessing at dimensions, confess! That way we may be able to offer you a couple of “what if” quotes and there will be less angst all around when that x- plus- ten -incher comes in the door.

Chris Barber & Betsy Dorfman

Just recently a $300,000 sculpture by artist Carole Feuerman was destroyed enroute to Art Miami.

Here is a link to the complete article with further details:

http://www.miamiherald.com/news/southflorida/story/794402

Needless to say a situation like this is what every art shipper and art handling company works every day to avoid. Worse, there are potential problems collecting from insurers as the timing of the damage is unclear and the basic policy held by the artist apparently does not cover the full value of the artwork under all circumstances. Unfortunately these are critical but all too common mistakes. And while there is never a guarantee that artwork in transit will arrive safely, there are steps that can be taken both to minimize risk and to maximize the likelihood of recovery in the event of a loss.

This article raises many issues and in the next several posts we will examine a few of them, starting today with chain of custody and inspection protocols.

EVIDENT VS CONCEALED DAMAGE

In many cases when artworks are damaged in transit the cause of the damage is clear and matches up to corresponding damage seen on the exterior of boxes or crates. Boxes arrive with a corner crushed or with punctures, crates show evidence of forklift tine intrusion, seams or tops have popped, wood feet have come off etc. These are basic signs of possible mishandling enroute. These “exceptions” are noted on the carrier’s paperwork on arrival, and the damage is assumed henceforth to have occurred in the custody of that carrier who last received the packages in good condition. This is similar to the chain of custody used in police and forensic work. Once received the compromised package is then unpacked in a documented process with photos taken and witnesses at hand; if there is actual damage then to the artwork within, the insurer of record is contacted and the claims process begins. Sad, but at least there is financial recovery possible through insurance.

CONCEALED DAMAGE WAIVER

In the case of the Feuerman sculpture however, there appears to have been no obvious damage to the exterior of the crate. Upon opening the crate however the sculpture was found to be destroyed beyond repair. In shipping terms this situation is called “concealed damage”. Many types of insurance carry a disclaimer or waiver for concealed damage where the goods have been packed by the shipper and are uninspected by the carrier or insuring agent. If the airline had provided insurance, it likely carried such a waiver and so would not respond to a claim under these circumstances. This makes sense, logically, as they would have no way of knowing what was in the crate or its condition prior to taking custody. Big gray area there.

CHAIN OF INSPECTED CUSTODY

While there was a clear chain of custody for handling of the crate, there was no inspection of the artwork itself each time the crate changed hands. The crate apparently left custody of an overseas art handler, was shipped via air freight, handled at Newark airport, then trucked all the way to a receiving warehouse in Miami where it was put away until inspection at a later date by the art handler who was to deliver it to the exhibition. Hence a mammoth gray area i.e. when and where did the damage occur? And who is liable under these conditions?

YOU BROKE IT, YOU PAY, RIGHT? WRONG.

In shipping liability comes down to insurance and specifically, declared value. It doesn’t matter if the airline broke the sculpture if they did not insure it. They are responsible only for what is essentially salvage value unless insurance was purchased and a value declared. In fact most airlines and other freight companies do not insure original fine art. They are protected in their paperwork, signed at the time of shipping, from liability for damage caused in transit where they have not insured the goods. There are always nuances in insurance, and it is true that such an airline might have liability if they can be shown guilty of extreme negligence. If, for example. they left the crate at the wrong address or at a closed dock, or left it out in the rain. But so long as they performed the contracted service i.e. moved the crate from point A to point B according to the terms established with the booking party, they generally have limited liability. Hey, these are freight guys; they are paid to move freight and they moved the freight. Whadda ya want?

IN TRANSIT VS STATIONARY — not as simple as it sounds.

Next in line is the artist’s own policy, which states she can collect $100,000 maximum in transit and $400,000 maximum if the artwork was “stationary.” Oh boy, the attorneys are going to have fun with this one. Stationary usually means in storage, not being moved, in a stable and protected environment. Technically a shipment that has arrived at a warehouse along the way, but which has not yet been delivered to its final destination, is considered IN TRANSIT. Even if it isn’t being moved for a period of time. Under our fine arts all risk policy, in transit status can exist for up to 90 days. Gray area anyone?

Could this situation have been avoided? We’ll take a look at some possible remedies in a future post. In the meantime our sympathies to everyone involved; it is always awful to lose an artwork, period

Betsy Dorfman / FINE ART SHIPPING

FAST, CHEAP, GOOD – Pick two. Also known in our circles as the “MBA in a box” this formulation holds that of those three elements you will only get two in most business transactions. You don’t get all three. Think over the products and services you buy and it is amazing how this holds up over a range of experiences. If it’s fast and cheap it’s not good. if it is fast and good it isn’t cheap. Good and cheap it isn’t fast. Are there exceptions, sure. Hence, the fish sandwich!

The halibut sandwich in question (and photo ) is made by Canetti’s restaurant in San Pedro CA. At $8.95 breaks the mold: fast, cheap and way beyond good. Also available in cod, salmon or whatever else is fresh (see below) – and it’s grilled, not fried! Skip the tourist traps at Ports O’ Call Village down the road and drive five more minutes to this authentic place for a true bargain despite the seedy (appealingly, we think) look and the usually to be avoided nautical trappings. Normally we shun restaurants with anchors, buoys or fishnets out front, all three having proven reliable quality contra-indicators, but Canetti’s trumps the rule here as well. You may have to pour your own coffee; you may get offered a piece of someone’s birthday cake and you will have a hard time deciding between the offerings, all listed on blackboards — no menus.

You won’t leave broke or hungry. If fish isn’t your thing they have many other dishes, some, as the family name suggests, leaning towards the Italian. When was the last time you saw a meatball omelet on a menu? This is the kind of place that Calvin Trillin calls the antidote to “La Casa de la Maison House”- the “destination” restaurant of which the seafood variety is often called the something Grotto or , god help us, anything by-the-sea. Those establishments however also break the rule by managing to be slow, expensive, and awful. Take Mom to Canetti’s next Mothers day instead; she’ll be too busy eating to miss the tablecloth. Is there a place like this in your neighborhood? Send us a link! If this isn’t artist food (segue alert) what is?

Canetti’s Seafood Grotto
309 E 22nd St
San Pedro, CA 90731

(310) 831-4036

Across the parking lot and open in the early, very early, as in 5 a.m. early on weekday and Saturday mornings is a strip of wholesale fish markets that sell retail at hurry on over before we change our mind prices. They won’t sell you a quarter of a pound of anything and quality can vary but it’s worth a trip and a look see. Seals in considerable numbers hang around the water side of these docks scavenging for scraps, an extra bonus if you bring the kids. Followed up by a plate of salmon and eggs at Canetti’s there isn’t a better morning at any price.

The fast, cheap and good paradigm does have relevance (bet you guessed that) in the world of art shipping and shipping in general. In most instances expedited or faster shipping is more expensive. As is expedited packing, crating, or “first on” / “last off” service provided by art shuttles. The price structure for fine art services across the United States is in fact remarkably consistent. In most major markets all the serious contenders with museum quality facilities and services charge about the same. There are regional differences but these typically are in the 10-15% range.

When comparing bids among multiple companies our advice is to beware the entries that are either way high or way low. As there is remarkable parity in most markets the “oddball” price is a red flag. If it is fast, cheap and good it might be too good to be true. Ask for specific information as to the packing standard that will be imposed, the type of vehicle used for transport, and get all of the information including delivery schedule in writing in advance of booking. Two out of three can be bad if it is the “good” or quality part of the equation that is being shortchanged.

You will get best pricing if you call early, give accurate and complete information about the items to be shipped, and have flexibility in your shipping and receiving schedule.

* You may detect one, ok perhaps several, biases in these posts. Fish is one of them.

Betsy Dorfman/FINE ART SHIPPING

Artist Robbie Conal and Track 16 Gallery, both incidentally customers of FINE ART SHIPPING, have teamed up to present a retrospective of the artist’s gloriously politically incorrect work. A seriously trained artist, Conal is best known for his takes on right wing icons who are treated with the attention to satiric detail they so richly deserve. To confront Conal’s Nixon or Phyllis Schlafly on a dark evening in the warehouse is a must stop and shiver moment not to be forgotten. For the younger set, there is plenty of George W and Cheney to go around, as well as a foray into positive depictions of “good guys” painted in the wake of 9/11.

Here’s a link to the recent Los Angeles Times article on the show, which opened October 19th and runs through November 22nd.

http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/news/arts/la-et-robbieconal13-2008oct13,0,1778852.story

Although the timing of this exhibition to coincide with election fever couldn’t be better, there is a range of works on offer and not all are political.

FINE ART SHIPPING salutes Mr. Conal for 30 plus years of speaking truth to power. And congratulations also to Track 16 Gallery for another “must see” exhibition. Before Jon Stewart there were these folks, and they are still at it when and where it counts.

Betsy Dorfman / FINE ART SHIPPING

Most fine art shippers, including ourselves, receive a variety of estimate requests each day from both “civilian” and “industry” clients or potential clients. Often these requests contain details as to artist, title, origin and destination, dates requested, medium, height, and length. Most often missing? The third dimension i.e. the depth. This is so common that we have considered producing T-shirts reading WHAT’S THE THIRD DIMENSION?! If you are interested in receiving one of these, as yet, non existent shirts, let us know. No extra charge for existential overtones.

Upon being asked some requesters seem surprised that the depth would matter. As if, having gone to the bother of telling us that the medium is fossilized possum teeth and pop rocks embedded in resin, how could the depth possibly be of interest? But typically in the end they indulge us and come up with something, oh all right, if you must know…. I have often wondered why this lapse is so frequent, as it seems so logical that artworks, being things, have three dimensions and take up three dimensions in what we like to call real life.

With paintings in particular however, this dimension seems to disappear from the interest radar. Perhaps it is because the depth, measurement back to front, can and does vary with the framing. But that is equally true of the length and height, to some extent. I think the answer more likely is that trained and museum personnel most often think in terms of image size rather than framed size. (Another question every fine art shipper needs to remember to ask!) Image size is their gold standard and depth is not considered. And this omission can and does persist when inventories are passed on for shipping quotes.

Also the depth is generally the smallest dimension of the three and so can seem insignificant. Emphasis on the “seem.” As shippers, we live and occasionally die by volume. Back in my rookie season I worked up a detailed estimate for a multi crate traveling exhibition of sixty or so artworks. Licking my pencil (metaphorically) and conquering my English major’s fear of spatial relations testing of any kind, I grouped the paintings by size, figured my crate dims and was good to go. Except, I failed to ask re image size versus framed size and, worse , I let the customer get away with giving me an “average depth” of 3 inches per artwork. Long story short, the artworks were framed in the most enormous heavy and ornate gilt frames I have ever seen. These babies each needed their own zip code. Every one was 6-8″ inches overall larger than I had estimated including back to front. The real killer, the budget buster, the oh-my-god-you-have-got-to -be-kidding-me element was the depth.

Things I took away from this experience:

• It helps to own the company, because you can’t be fired
• You can’t be fired, but you can be forced to ‘eat’ unusable crates. (No they never come in handy for something else. But we will get to that in another post)
• Average depth is defined as 5″ more than you could possibly imagine
• Customers are very nice except when ten crates turn into twenty
• Fear of spatial relations testing (which of these two hellish objects fits inside this other completely useless diagram) is a reliable predictor of intelligence
• Image size is for politicians, not art shippers
• All correspondence with estimate requesters should begin with “what is the third dimension” and end with “so help you god.”

Betsy Dorfman / Fine Art Shipping